:github_url: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_uhg/src/branch/master/content/stem_polpal.rst

.. _stem_polpal:

Stem Polpal
===========

Summary
-------

The Polpal is a rare stem formation that is similar to the Pual. It
expresses the passive voice of the Pilpel stem.

Article
-------

The Polpal :ref:`stem<stem>` is a variation of the :ref:`Pual<stem_pual>`
and expresses the :ref:`passive<stem-voice-passive>` voice of the verbal action of the :ref:`Pilpel<stem_pilpel>` stem.
The Polpal stem is formed from the Pual by dropping the 2nd radical and
repeating the 1st and 3rd radicals (with a vowel change), thus making a
verb that appears to have 4 consonants. It is an extremely :ref:`rare stem formation<stem-uncommon>`
in Biblical Hebrew.

.. include:: includes/consult_dictionary.txt

Form
----

**From the root כּוּל, meaning "to sustain" in the Pilpel stem**

.. csv-table:: Polpal Paradigm
  :header-rows: 1

  Conjugation,Parsing,Hebrew,Transliteration,Gloss
  Perfect,masculine singular third person,כָּלְכַּל,kalkal,he is sustained
  Imperfect,masculine singular third person,יְכָלְכַּל,yekholkal,he will be sustained
  Participle,masculine singular absolute,מְכָלְכַּל,mekholkal,being sustained / he who is being sustained

Example
-------

.. csv-table:: Example: 1KI 20:27

  וּבְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל הָתְפָּקְדוּ֙ וְכָלְכְּל֔וּ
  uvene yisra'el hothpoqdu **wekholkelu**
  and-sons-of Israel they-were-mustered **and-they-were-provisioned**
  The people of Israel were mustered **and supplied**