:github_url: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_uhg/src/branch/master/content/stem_hithpalpel.rst

.. _stem_hithpalpel:

Stem Hithpalpel
===============

Summary
-------

The Hithpalpel is an extremely rare stem formation that is similar to
the Hithpael. It expresses the reflexive voice of the Pilpel stem.

Article
-------

The Hithpalpel :ref:`stem<stem>` is a variation of the :ref:`Hithpael<stem_hithpael>` stem
and expresses the :ref:`reflexive<stem-voice-reflexive>` voice of the verbal action of the :ref:`Pilpel<stem_pilpel>` stem.
The Hithpalpel stem is formed from the Hithpael by dropping the 2nd
radical and repeating the 1st and 3rd radicals, thus making a form that
appears to have 4 consonants. It is an extremely :ref:`rare stem formation<stem-uncommon>` in
Biblical Hebrew. Many of the verbs in the the Hithpalpel stem in the
Hebrew Bible are from the root מָהַהּ ("to linger, delay"). It is
recommended to *always* consult a dictionary or lexicon for the precise
nuance of any verb in the Hithpalpel stem.

Form
----

**From the root כּוּל, meaning "to sustain" in the Pilpel stem**

.. csv-table:: Hithpalpel Paradigm
  :header-rows: 1

  Conjugation,Parsing,Hebrew,Transliteration,Gloss
  Perfect,masculine singular third person,הִתְכַּלְכֵּל,hithkalkel,he sustained himself
  Imperfect,masculine singular third person,יִתְכַּלְכֵּל,yithkalkel,he will sustain himself
  Participle,masculine singular absolute,מִתְכַּלְכֵּל,mithkalkel,sustaining himself / he who is sustaining himself

Examples
--------

.. csv-table:: Example: DAN 11:11 –– יִתְמַרְמַר comes from the root מרר

  וְיִתְמַרְמַר֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ הַנֶּ֔גֶב
  **weyithmarmar** melekh hannegev
  **And-he-will-be-very-angry** king-of the-South
  **Then** the king of the South **will become very angry**

.. csv-table:: Example: PSA 119:16 –– אֶשְׁתַּעֲשָׁ֑ע comes from the root שׁעע

  בְּחֻקֹּתֶ֥יךָ אֶשְׁתַּעֲשָׁ֑ע
  behuqqotheykha **'eshta'asha'**
  In-your-statutes **I-will-delight**
  **I delight** in your statutes