:github_url: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_uhg/src/branch/master/content/stem_hithpoel.rst

.. _stem_hithpoel:

Stem Hithpoel
=============

Summary
-------

The Hithpoel is an extremely rare stem formation that is similar to the
Hithpael. It expresses the reflexive voice of the Poel stem.

Article
-------

The Hithpoel :ref:`stem<stem>` is a variation of the :ref:`Hithpael<stem_hithpael>` stem
and expresses the :ref:`reflexive<stem-voice-reflexive>` voice of the verbal action of the :ref:`Poel<stem_poel>` stem.
The Hithpoel stem is formed from the Hithpael stem by a vowel change. It
is an extremely :ref:`rare stem formation<stem-uncommon>` in Biblical Hebrew. It is recommended
to *always* consult a dictionary or lexicon for the precise nuance of
any verb in the Hithpoel stem.

.. note:: The Hithpoel stem conjugates exactly like the Poel stem, but with
          the reflexive prefix (הִתְ) added.

Form
----

.. csv-table:: Hithpoel Paradigm
  :header-rows: 1

  Conjugation,Parsing,Hebrew,Transliteration,Gloss
  Perfect,masculine singular third person,הִתְהוֹלֵל,hithholel,he humiliated himself
  Imperfect,masculine singular third person,יִתְהוֹלֵל,yithholel,he will humiliate himself
  Participle,masculine singular third person,מִתְהוֹלֵל,mithholel,humiliating oneself / he who humiliates himself

Example
-------

.. csv-table:: Example: JER 46:8

  מִצְרַ֨יִם֙ כַּיְאֹ֣ר יַֽעֲלֶ֔ה וְכַנְּהָרֹ֖ות **יִתְגֹּ֣עֲשׁוּ** מָ֑יִם
  mitsrayim kay'or ya'aleh wekhanneharowth **yithgo'ashu** mayim
  "Egypt like-the-Nile rises and-like-the-rivers
     **going-back-and-forth** waters"
  "Egypt rises like the Nile, like rivers of water that
     **rise and fall**"