:github_url: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_uhg/src/branch/master/content/stem_polal.rst

.. _stem_polal:

Stem Polal
==========

Summary
-------

The Polal is a rare stem formation that is similar to the Pual. It
expresses the passive voice of the Polel stem.

Article
-------

The Polal :ref:`stem<stem>` is a variation of the :ref:`Pual<stem_pual>`
and expresses the :ref:`passive<stem-voice-passive>` voice of the verbal action of the :ref:`Polel<stem_polel>` stem.
The Polal stem is formed from the Pual by dropping the 2nd radical and
repeating the 3rd radical (with a vowel change). It is an extremely :ref:`rare stem formation<stem-uncommon>`
in Biblical Hebrew.

.. include:: includes/consult_dictionary.txt

.. warning:: The Polal stem appears exactly the same as the Polel stem in all
          conjugations; only the 3rd-person masculine singular forms are
          different.

Form
----

.. csv-table:: Polal Paradigm
  :header-rows: 1

  Conjugation,Parsing,Hebrew,Transliteration,Gloss
  Perfect,masculine singular third person,כּוֹנַן,konan,he is established
  Imperfect,masculine singular third person,יְכוֹנַן,yekonan,he will be established
  Sequential Imperfect,masculine singular third person,וַיְּכוֹנַן,wayyekhonan,(and) he was established
  Imperative,masculine singular,כּוֹנַן,konan,you must be established
  Participle,masculine singular absolute,מְכוֹנָן,mekhonan,being established

Examples
--------

.. csv-table:: Example: ISA 16:10

  וּבַכְּרָמִ֥ים לֹֽא־\ **יְרֻנָּ֖ן** לֹ֣א יְרֹעָ֑ע
  uvakkeramim lo-\ **yerunnan** lo **yero'a'**
  and-in-the-vineyard not\_\ **it-is-sung** not **it-is-shouted**.
  "and **there is** no **singing**, or **shouts** in the vineyards."

.. csv-table:: Example: EZE 28:13

  בְּיֹ֥ום הִבָּרַאֲךָ֖ **כֹּונָֽנוּ**\ ׃
  beyowm hibbara'akha **kownanu**
  In-day you-were-created **they-were-prepared**.
  It was on the day you were created that **they were prepared**.